Representasi dan Substansi
Analisis Kritis Keterlibatan Perempuan dalam Parlemen Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63892/aletheia.3.2026.1-13Kata Kunci:
Ketimpangan Gender, Keterwakilan Perempuan, Parlemen Daerah, Politik Gender, Nusa Tenggara BaratAbstrak
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh paradoks pembangunan gender di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB), dimana perbaikan indikator kesetaraan – khususnya Indeks Ketimpangan Gender (IKG) – tidak diikuti peningkatan keterwakilan perempuan di parlemen daerah. Permasalahan penelitian terletak pada kesenjangan konversi antara capaian pembangunan gender dan representasi politik elektoral perempuan. Kesenjangan riset muncul karena sebagian besar studi terdahulu berfokus pada dinamika nasional, pra-elektoral, dan belum mengintegrasikan indikator makro pembangunan gender dengan representasi legislatif lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dinamika perkembangan IKG dan tren keterwakilan perempuan DPRD kabupaten/kota di NTB periode 2019–2023, sekaligus mengidentifikasi disparitas dan struktur peluang politiknya. Kerangka teori memadukan teori representasi politik (deskriptif–substantif), parlemen sebagai gendered workplace, teori rekrutmen politik, serta perspektif gender and development. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif berbasis data sekunder BPS dan komposisi legislatif daerah. Teknik analisis meliputi statistik deskriptif-komparatif, tabulasi longitudinal, serta pengukuran laju pertumbuhan menggunakan Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan IKG NTB mengalami perbaikan agregatif namun tidak merata, dengan akselerasi tertinggi di Kabupaten Sumbawa, sementara beberapa wilayah stagnan bahkan meningkat. Sebaliknya, keterwakilan perempuan legislatif cenderung stagnan di mayoritas daerah. Sintesis temuan mengungkap disparitas konversi pembangunan gender terhadap representasi politik akibat mediasi struktural partai, budaya patriarki, patronasi politik, dan hambatan institusional parlemen. Kesimpulan menegaskan bahwa kesetaraan gender di NTB masih berada pada fase developmental equality dan belum mencapai political equality. Keterbatasan penelitian terletak pada penggunaan data kuantitatif sekunder dan belum mengukur kualitas representasi substantif. Rekomendasi diarahkan pada reformasi rekrutmen partai, afirmasi elektoral strategis, penguatan kaderisasi perempuan, serta integrasi pemberdayaan sosial dengan transformasi institusional politik.
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